WP06 · Draft web edition · as of 2026-10-30
Measuring and reducing the resource intensity of textile wet processing and garment making
Each weft is one exhibit's own data, normalised; each warp group is a chapter. The probe reads the exhibit's own value where it crosses. Procedural visualisation, not a measurement.
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GFT planning illustration, not an operating footprint. A simplified route is shown; wet processing may occur at other stages. Partnered and owned labels are proposed account boundaries, not existing commercial relationships.
Unit: illustrative responsibility map. Status: illustrative. Sources: S03, S24. Illustrative figures are teaching examples, not measured factory results.
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Sourced from IFC EHS Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing Table 3 (S01, citing European Commission 2003b). Midpoints are arithmetic centres of published low and high bounds. IFC notes that industry benchmarks originate from only a limited number of installations and are for comparative guidance only.
Unit: litres per kilogram of product (L/kg). Status: sourced. Sources: S01.
Read this exhibit in its chapter ↗Read-out
Illustrative shift energy reconciliation constructed to demonstrate the accounting method. Assumes a 1,000-piece shift bundle input, 800 kWh base conversion and utility load, 75 kWh extra repair-loop and re-pressing energy for 120 reworked pieces, and 40 permanently rejected pieces (960 net accepted pieces). Not a measured GFT result.
Unit: illustrative shift load (kWh equivalent). Status: illustrative. Illustrative figures are teaching examples, not measured factory results.
Read this exhibit in its chapter ↗Read-out
Derived seven-stage governance sequence requiring meter calibration, baseline sign-off, no-cost operational controls, paired batch trials, pilot verification and an independent M&V audit before full capital procurement and persistence tracking. Governance, quality and effluent stop rules are derived from S18, S33, S37 and S1201; the 36-week timeline is an illustrative planning window.
Unit: illustrative programme weeks from gate zero. Status: derived. Sources: S18, S33, S37, S1201.
Read this exhibit in its chapter ↗The paper's argument
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Textile and garment investors, boards and factory sponsors, Dyehouse, garment-plant and utilities managers, Sustainability, environmental, chemical and energy teams, Industrial engineers, equipment suppliers and technical partners, Cameroonian and African industrial-policy and infrastructure planners, Development finance and lender technical teams assessing resource projects
0124 min · 5 exhibits
Local processing needs a resource ledger from the first batch
Adding value inside Cameroon requires an explicit account of the water, chemistry and energy associated with accepted production, including the work bought from suppliers.
01 / 05The thesis
GFT argues that a textile factory reduces resource intensity only when water, chemistry and energy are metered against accepted output, by process and product, and every claimed saving survives a whole-cycle mass, quality and cost check.
14 chapters · 4 parts · 373 minutes
Prepared for: Textile and garment investors, boards and factory sponsors, Dyehouse, garment-plant and utilities managers, Sustainability, environmental, chemical and energy teams, Industrial engineers, equipment suppliers and technical partners, Cameroonian and African industrial-policy and infrastructure planners, Development finance and lender technical teams assessing resource projects
02 / 05Part I · Define the unit before reducing it
Cameroon's ambition to process more cotton locally moves environmental decisions closer to the factory gate. More local dyeing, finishing and garment making can add value, but only disciplined measurement can show whether each accepted kilogram or garment uses less water, chemistry and energy. This paper argues that resource intensity is an operating variable, not a fixed industry coefficient.
Part I · chapters 01 to 04 · 111 minutes · 18 exhibits
03 / 05Part II · The process sets the floor
It defines the factory boundary, the denominator and the meter hierarchy before comparing benchmarks. It then follows preparation, dyeing, rinsing, drying, finishing and garment making, showing why liquor ratio, dye fixation, right-first-time colour, mechanical dewatering, heat recovery and rework must be assessed as one production system. Water reuse receives equal treatment: …
Part II · chapters 05 to 09 · 137 minutes · 24 exhibits
04 / 05Part III · Reduction is a system
… recovery is valuable only when quality, concentrate, energy and sludge remain inside the account. Empirical mill studies and official technique guides are separated from laboratory results, supplier projections and illustrative models, so no universal saving is promised. For GFT's Cameroon textile programme, the practical answer is a batch-level resource ledger linked to recipes, metres, quality release and cost.
Part III · chapters 10 to 12 · 79 minutes · 13 exhibits
05 / 05Part IV · GFT's measurement and reduction system
The closing roadmap starts with a metered baseline, tests no-cost and capital measures against accepted output, and scales only verified improvements. The paper is an engineering and management framework, not investment, legal or tax advice, and it does not replace site design, legal compliance or a full life-cycle assessment.
Part IV · chapters 13 to 14 · 46 minutes · 10 exhibits
The cloth seen from above
Weaving draft · 14 chapters × 65 exhibits
One column per chapter, one knot per exhibit; the glyph is its type family, as on the chips above. Select a knot to open the exhibit below.
Exhibit 01 · chapter 01 · Key figures
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Inherited sector context, not GFT output. Original publication dates were not recorded. The 2030 figure is a national target, not achieved production; the baseline is not a current verification.
Unit: percent of cotton fibre. Status: sourced. Sources: R06, R07.
Read this exhibit in its chapter ↗Read-out
Interlude · findings against chapters
Wet processing is the first factory water boundary to instrument because it dominates process water use, while garment-only sites need a separate boundary.S03S01S24
Published litres per kilogram vary too widely across mills to justify a universal design factor or saving claim.S04S05S08
Nominal machine liquor ratio is not whole-mill water intensity; batch, washing, preparation, utilities and rejected production must enter the same denominator.S02S38S24
Dye fixation and right-first-time colour are resource measures because unfixed dye and reprocessing consume chemicals, water, heat and time.S31S36S37
Thermal reduction should begin with lower bath volume, mechanical water removal and loss control before new heat supply is selected.S16S17S26
A litre or kilowatt hour cannot be interpreted without its source, location and timing; national averages do not establish site water security or electricity emissions.S10S11S12S15S19
Water reuse can reach high recovery in a documented case, but reverse-osmosis energy, concentrate and operating cost prevent a recovery-only verdict.S06S33
Garment making needs per-piece metering for machinery, compressed air, steam and garment washing, with rework included rather than hidden in gross output.S28S30S07
A resource baseline becomes governable when energy and water indicators have owners, normalisation rules, data-quality checks and a management cadence.S18S20S23S29
Cell strength is the recurrence of each finding's key terms in each chapter's text, computed from this web edition and scaled to the strongest chapter. It is a reading guide, not a citation.
Evidence stays attached
Every knot on the edge is one of the 234 records the chapters cite, sorted by grade. The counters filter them; select a record to read it and to light the chapters that cite it. A grade describes the supplied evidence record, not independent validation by the website; missing references are excluded.
All 234 records shown
c01-S01 · Grade A
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing
Water consumption in textile manufacturing has a significant environmental impact, in terms of freshwater needs, wastewater/sludge production, and energy used in heating.
2007-04-30. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S01 · Grade A
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing
Water consumption in textile manufacturing has a significant environmental impact, in terms of freshwater needs, wastewater/sludge production, and energy used in heating.
2007-04-30. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S02 · Grade A
Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Textiles Industry
Important issues for the implementation of Directive 2010/75/EU in the textiles (TXT) sector are emissions to water and air, use and handling of chemicals as well as energy consumption.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S07 · Grade A
Reducing industrial water consumption in Tunisia
Specifically, the use of the three E-flow machines will allow New Amico to reduce water consumption for washing jeans by 13 litres per piece.
2018-03-22. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S11 · Grade A
ISO 14046:2014 Environmental management: Water footprint: Principles, requirements and guidelines
ISO 14046:2014 specifies principles, requirements and guidelines related to water footprint assessment of products, processes and organizations based on life cycle assessment (LCA).
2014-07-24. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S17 · Grade A
Improving Process Heating System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry, Third Edition
A systems approach provides a tops-down review of the entire process and how the individual components perform and interact with each other.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S18 · Grade A
ISO 50001:2018 Energy management systems: Requirements with guidance for use
ISO 50001:2018 is an international standard that provides a framework for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and improving an Energy Management System (EnMS).
2018. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S20 · Grade A
ISO 14040:2006 Environmental management: Life cycle assessment: Principles and framework
ISO 14040:2006 covers life cycle assessment (LCA) studies and life cycle inventory (LCI) studies.
2006. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S21 · Grade A
Regulation (EU) 2024/1781 of 13 June 2024 establishing a framework for the setting of ecodesign requirements for sustainable products, amending Directive (EU) 2020/1828 and Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 and repealing Directive 2009/125/EC
Ecodesign requirements should include, as appropriate, performance requirements or information requirements, or both.
2024-06-13. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S22 · Grade A
New EU rules for measuring environmental impact of clothes and shoes
These rules introduce a science-based and impartial method to assess the environmental impact of clothing and shoes across their entire lifecycle, from raw material extraction, production and logistics to use and end-of-life.
2025-06-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S25 · Grade A
Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program (P178136): Implementation Status and Results Report
The Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program was approved by the World Bank in August 2023.
2025-06-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S28 · Grade A
Improving Compressed Air System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry
Energy savings from system improvements can range from 20 to 50 percent or more of electricity consumption.
2003. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S0201 · Grade A
Energy Intensity Baselining and Tracking Guidance
Companies may need to make adjustments to their baseline over time to account for significant changes to their corporate boundaries, significant production increases or decreases, and/or changes to their product mixes.
2015-01. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S01 · Grade A
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing
Water consumption in textile manufacturing has a significant environmental impact, in terms of freshwater needs, wastewater/sludge production, and energy used in heating.
2007-04-30. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S02 · Grade A
Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Textiles Industry
Important issues for the implementation of Directive 2010/75/EU in the textiles (TXT) sector are emissions to water and air, use and handling of chemicals as well as energy consumption.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S11 · Grade A
ISO 14046:2014 Environmental management: Water footprint: Principles, requirements and guidelines
ISO 14046:2014 specifies principles, requirements and guidelines related to water footprint assessment of products, processes and organizations based on life cycle assessment (LCA).
2014-07-24. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S12 · Grade A
Progress on the level of water stress: Mid-term status of SDG Indicator 6.4.2 and acceleration needs, with special focus on food security
Water stress levels have increased by 2.8 percent globally since 2015, reaching 18.6 percent in 2021.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S13 · Grade A
Progress on the proportion of domestic and industrial wastewater flows safely treated: Mid-term status of SDG Indicator 6.3.1 and acceleration needs
We are still unable to make a global estimate of total and industrial wastewater flows due to the under-reporting.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S15 · Grade A
The transformative power of community action: improving access to safe drinking water in Douala, Cameroon
Access to water is also a challenge; only 42% of households in the city have reliable access to potable water (within 500 metres of a tap).
2025-09-26. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S18 · Grade A
ISO 50001:2018 Energy management systems: Requirements with guidance for use
ISO 50001:2018 is an international standard that provides a framework for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and improving an Energy Management System (EnMS).
2018. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S25 · Grade A
Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program (P178136): Implementation Status and Results Report
The Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program was approved by the World Bank in August 2023.
2025-06-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c04-S01 · Grade A
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing
The applicability of specific technical recommendations should be based on the professional opinion of qualified and experienced persons.
2007-04-30. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c04-S32 · Grade A
ZDHC MRSL V3.1 and Conformance Guidance V2.1: Formulator
Uploading Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for all ZDHC MRSL Conformant products is mandatory.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c04-S33 · Grade A
ZDHC Wastewater Guidelines, Version 2.2
The WW Guidelines provide requirements for different effluent treatment models and clarify the type of suppliers that are in scope.
2024-09. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c04-S34 · Grade A
Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/1513 of 10 October 2018 amending Annex XVII to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) as regards certain substances classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic for reproduction (CMR), category 1A or 1B
Annex XVII to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 is amended in accordance with the Annex to this Regulation.
2018-10-10. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c04-S35 · Grade A
OEKO-TEX® New Regulations 2025
After consultation with internal and external toxicologists, OEKO-TEX® reduced the limit value of Bisphenol A (BPA) from 100 to 10mg/kg.
2025-01-14. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S01 · Grade A
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing
Water consumption in textile manufacturing has a significant environmental impact, in terms of freshwater needs, wastewater/sludge production, and energy used in heating.
2007-04-30. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S02 · Grade A
Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Textiles Industry
Important issues for the implementation of Directive 2010/75/EU in the textiles (TXT) sector are emissions to water and air, use and handling of chemicals as well as energy consumption.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S08 · Grade A
An analysis of industrial water use in Bangladesh with a focus on the textile and leather industries
According to IFC, the average factory water consumption in Bangladesh is estimated to be up to 250 to 300 litres of water per kilogram of fabric produced.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S17 · Grade A
Improving Process Heating System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry, Third Edition
A systems approach provides a tops-down review of the entire process and how the individual components perform and interact with each other.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S18 · Grade A
ISO 50001:2018 Energy management systems: Requirements with guidance for use
ISO 50001:2018 is an international standard that provides a framework for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and improving an Energy Management System (EnMS).
2018. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S38 · Grade A
Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2022/2508 of 9 December 2022 establishing the best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for the textiles industry
Batch processes are carried out with low-liquor-ratio systems (see Section 1.9.4).
2022-12-09. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S01 · Grade A
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing
Water consumption in textile manufacturing has a significant environmental impact, in terms of freshwater needs, wastewater/sludge production, and energy used in heating.
2007-04-30. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S02 · Grade A
Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Textiles Industry
Important issues for the implementation of Directive 2010/75/EU in the textiles (TXT) sector are emissions to water and air, use and handling of chemicals as well as energy consumption.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S03 · Grade A
Textile production water use and textile wastewaters: Literature Review
Textile wet processes consume approximately 60 to 90 % of the total water used in textile processes.
2024-04-16. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S04 · Grade A
Water and chemical consumption in the textile processing industry of Bangladesh
The average groundwater consumption was 164 L/Kg; dyehouse water was 136 L/Kg, while the corresponding wastewater generated was 119 L/Kg.
2023-07-31. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S05 · Grade A
An Assessment of Energy and Groundwater Consumption of Textile Dyeing Mills in Bangladesh and Minimization of Environmental Impacts via Long-Term Key Performance Indicators (KPI) Baseline
The maximum, minimum, and average KPI of extracted groundwater were 198.20 L/kg, 99.15 L/kg, and 138.26 L/kg, respectively.
2022-09-28. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S08 · Grade A
An analysis of industrial water use in Bangladesh with a focus on the textile and leather industries
According to IFC, the average factory water consumption in Bangladesh is estimated to be up to 250 to 300 litres of water per kilogram of fabric produced.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S16 · Grade A
Electrified Process Heating in Textile Wet-Processing Industry: A Techno-Economic Analysis for China, Japan, and Taiwan
Wet-processing preparation (de-sizing, bleaching, etc.), dyeing and printing, and finishing together demand the greatest share of thermal energy (50%).
2022-11-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S17 · Grade A
Improving Process Heating System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry, Third Edition
A systems approach provides a tops-down review of the entire process and how the individual components perform and interact with each other.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S18 · Grade A
ISO 50001:2018 Energy management systems: Requirements with guidance for use
ISO 50001:2018 is an international standard that provides a framework for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and improving an Energy Management System (EnMS).
2018. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S25 · Grade A
Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program (P178136): Implementation Status and Results Report
The Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program was approved by the World Bank in August 2023.
2025-06-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S29 · Grade A
Energy Efficiency Benchmark in Textile Manufacturing Companies
Specific energy consumption (SEC) is a widely used indicator of energy consumption per unit produced [2].
2021-06-28. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S31 · Grade A
Eco-friendly salt/alkali-free exhaustion dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes
The characterization of effluent samples with RY 145 taken after dyeing using TNA compared with conventional dyeing indicated an efficient reduction of COD, BOD, and TDS values by 99, 97, and 97%, respectively.
2022-12-26. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S34 · Grade A
Commission Regulation (EU) 2018/1513 of 10 October 2018 amending Annex XVII to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 concerning the Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) as regards certain substances classified as carcinogenic, mutagenic or toxic for reproduction (CMR), category 1A or 1B
Therefore, maximum concentration limits should be specified, either for individual substances or for groups of substances, taking into account the technical feasibility of achieving those limits and the availability of appropriate analytical methods.
2018-10-10. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S36 · Grade A
Exploring the requirements of reactive dyes in eco-friendly dyeing process: The relationship between dye structure, dyeing properties, and eco-friendly dyeing techniques
For low liquor ratio dyeing, when the liquor ratio was 1:6, the fixation rates of MRY-1, MRY-2, and MRY-3 were 84.9 %, 71.1 %, and 75.0 %, respectively.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S37 · Grade A
Right-first-time dyeing: a design of experiments approach for the optimisation of dyeing-processes using hard water
The benefits of achieving the right-first-time are very significant including for instance, reduction in water and energy consumption, reduction in effluent generation along with time and colour saving (Parton, 1994).
2019. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S38 · Grade A
Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2022/2508 of 9 December 2022 establishing the best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for the textiles industry
Batch processes are carried out with low-liquor-ratio systems (see Section 1.9.4).
2022-12-09. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S0601 · Grade A
Evaluation of a favorable executable method for the strike of the structurally unchanged reactive dyes on cotton fabric for dark shades across the whole limit of markers
By keeping time and temperature in control, pH value can play a significant role in cotton-reactive dyeing.
2022-10-26. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S0602 · Grade A
Optimization of reactive dyeing parameters for cotton/lycra blended knitted fabrics: Modeling and optimization by response surface methodology
Also, excess alkali causes increased tendency to the hydrolysis of reactive dyes instead of reacting with the fiber. As a result, K/S values may reduce.
2019-04-12. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S0603 · Grade A
Synthesis of Some New Pyridazine-Based Disperse Dyes for Sustainable Dyeing of Polyester Driven by Microwave Energy and Calling for Visibility of Reused Wastewater
The dyebath of 2% (o.m.f) was effectively reused after filtering of the pristine dyeing bath via replenishment of the remaining liquor with proportions of stock solutions of dispersing agent and missing routing of dyestuff to restore the initial bulk at 2% (o.m.f) tracking by modifying the pH to the desired value.
2018-11-16. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S0604 · Grade A
Dyeing of Knitted Cotton Fabric with Reactive Dyes Using Non-Aqueous Reverse Micellar System of Secondary Alcohol Ethoxylates
Relative Unlevelness Index (RUI) is constructed by taking carefully the consideration of the sensitivity of vision of human on wavelength from 400 to 700 nm.
2023-10-21. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S01 · Grade A
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing
Water consumption in textile manufacturing has a significant environmental impact, in terms of freshwater needs, wastewater/sludge production, and energy used in heating.
2007-04-30. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S02 · Grade A
Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Textiles Industry
Important issues for the implementation of Directive 2010/75/EU in the textiles (TXT) sector are emissions to water and air, use and handling of chemicals as well as energy consumption.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S07 · Grade A
Reducing industrial water consumption in Tunisia
Specifically, the use of the three E-flow machines will allow New Amico to reduce water consumption for washing jeans by 13 litres per piece.
2018-03-22. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S08 · Grade A
An analysis of industrial water use in Bangladesh with a focus on the textile and leather industries
According to IFC, the average factory water consumption in Bangladesh is estimated to be up to 250 to 300 litres of water per kilogram of fabric produced.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S17 · Grade A
Improving Process Heating System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry, Third Edition
A systems approach provides a tops-down review of the entire process and how the individual components perform and interact with each other.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S18 · Grade A
ISO 50001:2018 Energy management systems: Requirements with guidance for use
ISO 50001:2018 is an international standard that provides a framework for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and improving an Energy Management System (EnMS).
2018. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S38 · Grade A
Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2022/2508 of 9 December 2022 establishing the best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for the textiles industry
Batch processes are carried out with low-liquor-ratio systems (see Section 1.9.4).
2022-12-09. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c08-S01 · Grade A
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing
Heat consumption is particularly significant in drying and curing operations and in activities involving wet treatments.
2007-04-30. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c08-S02 · Grade A
Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Textiles Industry
The main energy needs for a stenter are for air heating and evaporation.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c08-S17 · Grade A
Improving Process Heating System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry, Third Edition
A systems approach provides a tops-down review of the entire process and how the individual components perform and interact with each other.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c08-S18 · Grade A
ISO 50001:2018 Energy management systems: Requirements with guidance for use
An EnPI is a metric used to measure energy performance.
2018. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S01 · Grade A
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing
Water consumption in textile manufacturing has a significant environmental impact, in terms of freshwater needs, wastewater/sludge production, and energy used in heating.
2007-04-30. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S02 · Grade A
Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Textiles Industry
Important issues for the implementation of Directive 2010/75/EU in the textiles (TXT) sector are emissions to water and air, use and handling of chemicals as well as energy consumption.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S07 · Grade A
Reducing industrial water consumption in Tunisia
Specifically, the use of the three E-flow machines will allow New Amico to reduce water consumption for washing jeans by 13 litres per piece.
2018-03-22. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S17 · Grade A
Improving Process Heating System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry, Third Edition
A systems approach provides a tops-down review of the entire process and how the individual components perform and interact with each other.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S18 · Grade A
ISO 50001:2018 Energy management systems: Requirements with guidance for use
ISO 50001:2018 is an international standard that provides a framework for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and improving an Energy Management System (EnMS).
2018. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S25 · Grade A
Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program (P178136): Implementation Status and Results Report
The Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program was approved by the World Bank in August 2023.
2025-06-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S27 · Grade A
Use Feedwater Economizers for Waste Heat Recovery, Steam Tip Sheet 3
By recovering waste heat, an economizer can often reduce fuel requirements by 5% to 10% and pay for itself in less than 2 years.
2012. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S28 · Grade A
Improving Compressed Air System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry
Energy savings from system improvements can range from 20 to 50 percent or more of electricity consumption.
2003. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S01 · Grade A
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing
Water consumption in textile manufacturing has a significant environmental impact, in terms of freshwater needs, wastewater/sludge production, and energy used in heating.
2007-04-30. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S02 · Grade A
Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Textiles Industry
Important issues for the implementation of Directive 2010/75/EU in the textiles (TXT) sector are emissions to water and air, use and handling of chemicals as well as energy consumption.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S13 · Grade A
Progress on the proportion of domestic and industrial wastewater flows safely treated: Mid-term status of SDG Indicator 6.3.1 and acceleration needs
We are still unable to make a global estimate of total and industrial wastewater flows due to the under-reporting.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S18 · Grade A
ISO 50001:2018 Energy management systems: Requirements with guidance for use
ISO 50001:2018 is an international standard that provides a framework for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and improving an Energy Management System (EnMS).
2018. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S19 · Grade A
Scope 2 Guidance
The Scope 2 Guidance standardizes how corporations measure emissions from purchased or acquired electricity, steam, heat and cooling (called “scope 2 emissions”).
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S20 · Grade A
ISO 14040:2006 Environmental management: Life cycle assessment: Principles and framework
ISO 14040:2006 covers life cycle assessment (LCA) studies and life cycle inventory (LCI) studies.
2006. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S25 · Grade A
Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program (P178136): Implementation Status and Results Report
The Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program was approved by the World Bank in August 2023.
2025-06-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S38 · Grade A
Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2022/2508 of 9 December 2022 establishing the best available techniques (BAT) conclusions, under Directive 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, for the textiles industry
Batch processes are carried out with low-liquor-ratio systems (see Section 1.9.4).
2022-12-09. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c11-S01 · Grade A
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing
Contaminated streams should be routed to the treatment system for industrial process wastewater.
2007-04-30. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c11-S17 · Grade A
Improving Process Heating System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry, Third Edition
A systems approach provides a tops-down review of the entire process and how the individual components perform and interact with each other.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c11-S19 · Grade A
Scope 2 Guidance
It offers much needed clarity on how corporations measure emissions from electricity and other types of energy purchases.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c11-S25 · Grade A
Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program (P178136): Implementation Status and Results Report
The Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program was approved by the World Bank in August 2023.
2025-06-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c11-S26 · Grade A
Renewable heat: Renewables 2022
Heating is the world’s largest energy end use, accounting for almost half of global final energy consumption.
2022-12-06. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c11-S27 · Grade A
Use Feedwater Economizers for Waste Heat Recovery, Steam Tip Sheet 3
A feedwater economizer reduces steam boiler fuel requirements by transferring heat from the flue gas to incoming feedwater.
2012. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S01 · Grade A
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing
Water consumption in textile manufacturing has a significant environmental impact, in terms of freshwater needs, wastewater/sludge production, and energy used in heating.
2007-04-30. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S02 · Grade A
Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference Document for the Textiles Industry
Important issues for the implementation of Directive 2010/75/EU in the textiles (TXT) sector are emissions to water and air, use and handling of chemicals as well as energy consumption.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S07 · Grade A
Reducing industrial water consumption in Tunisia
Specifically, the use of the three E-flow machines will allow New Amico to reduce water consumption for washing jeans by 13 litres per piece.
2018-03-22. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S12 · Grade A
Progress on the level of water stress: Mid-term status of SDG Indicator 6.4.2 and acceleration needs, with special focus on food security
Water stress levels have increased by 2.8 percent globally since 2015, reaching 18.6 percent in 2021.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S15 · Grade A
The transformative power of community action: improving access to safe drinking water in Douala, Cameroon
Access to water is also a challenge; only 42% of households in the city have reliable access to potable water (within 500 metres of a tap).
2025-09-26. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S17 · Grade A
Improving Process Heating System Performance: A Sourcebook for Industry, Third Edition
A systems approach provides a tops-down review of the entire process and how the individual components perform and interact with each other.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S18 · Grade A
ISO 50001:2018 Energy management systems: Requirements with guidance for use
ISO 50001:2018 is an international standard that provides a framework for establishing, implementing, maintaining, and improving an Energy Management System (EnMS).
2018. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S19 · Grade A
Scope 2 Guidance
The Scope 2 Guidance standardizes how corporations measure emissions from purchased or acquired electricity, steam, heat and cooling (called “scope 2 emissions”).
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S25 · Grade A
Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program (P178136): Implementation Status and Results Report
The Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program was approved by the World Bank in August 2023.
2025-06-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S27 · Grade A
Use Feedwater Economizers for Waste Heat Recovery, Steam Tip Sheet 3
By recovering waste heat, an economizer can often reduce fuel requirements by 5% to 10% and pay for itself in less than 2 years.
2012. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S1201 · Grade A
M&V Guidelines: Measurement and Verification for Performance-Based Contracts, Version 4.0
Instead, savings are determined by comparing resource use before and after the installation of energy or water efficiency or conservation measures (ECMs) and making appropriate adjustments for changes in conditions.
2015-11. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S1202 · Grade A
Energy-Efficiency Improvement Opportunities for the Textile Industry
The energy savings, costs, and payback periods given in the table are for the specific conditions. There are also some ancillary (non-energy) benefits from the implementation of some measures.
2010-09. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S1203 · Grade A
WaterSense at Work: Best Management Practices for Commercial and Institutional Facilities
For each identified project or practice, calculate the total water, energy, and cost savings from the water and energy use reductions. Remember to include savings from other associated materials and disposal costs.
2012-10. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c13-S18 · Grade A
ISO 50001:2018 Energy management systems: Requirements with guidance for use
Its goal is to help organizations improve their energy performance, including energy efficiency, use, and consumption, through a systematic approach.
2018-08. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c13-S20 · Grade A
ISO 14040:2006 Environmental management: Life cycle assessment: Principles and framework
ISO 14040:2006 covers life cycle assessment (LCA) studies and life cycle inventory (LCI) studies.
2006-07. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c13-S22 · Grade A
New EU rules for measuring environmental impact of clothes and shoes
The new measures introduce a science-based method to assess a product's environmental impact across its entire lifecycle.
2025-06-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c13-S24 · Grade A
Higg Facility Environmental Module (FEM) 4.0 Technical Paper
Energy and water consumption is reported by Facility Type.
2022-12. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c13-S25 · Grade A
Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program (P178136): Implementation Status and Results Report
The Cameroon Power Sector Reform Program was approved by the World Bank in August 2023.
2025-06-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c13-S33 · Grade A
ZDHC Wastewater Guidelines, Version 2.2
Therefore, the WW Guidelines require testing of ZDHC MRSL substances in untreated wastewater only.
2024-09. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c13-S1301 · Grade A
Ecodesign for Sustainable Products Regulation (ESPR): Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Requirements for products to have a DPP will only apply when a delegated act adopted under ESPR sets out information requirements.
2024-09. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c14-S01 · Grade A
Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing
Contaminated streams should be routed to the treatment system for industrial process wastewater.
2007-04-30. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c14-S18 · Grade A
ISO 50001:2018 Energy management systems: Requirements with guidance for use
An EnPI is a metric used to measure energy performance.
2018. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c14-S24 · Grade A
Higg Facility Environmental Module (FEM) 4.0 Technical Paper
Energy and water consumption is reported by Facility Type.
2022. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c14-S33 · Grade A
ZDHC Wastewater Guidelines, Version 2.2
Poor sludge disposal can result in negative impacts on human health and the environment.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c01-S03 · Grade B
Textile production water use and textile wastewaters: Literature Review
Textile wet processes consume approximately 60 to 90 % of the total water used in textile processes.
2024-04-16. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c01-S04 · Grade B
Water and chemical consumption in the textile processing industry of Bangladesh
The average groundwater consumption was 164 L/Kg; dyehouse water was 136 L/Kg, while the corresponding wastewater generated was 119 L/Kg.
2023-07-31. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c01-S05 · Grade B
An Assessment of Energy and Groundwater Consumption of Textile Dyeing Mills in Bangladesh and Minimization of Environmental Impacts via Long-Term Key Performance Indicators (KPI) Baseline
The maximum, minimum, and average KPI of extracted groundwater were 198.20 L/kg, 99.15 L/kg, and 138.26 L/kg, respectively.
2022-09-28. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c01-S08 · Grade B
An analysis of industrial water use in Bangladesh with a focus on the textile and leather industries
According to IFC, the average factory water consumption in Bangladesh is estimated to be up to 250 to 300 litres of water per kilogram of fabric produced.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c01-S24 · Grade B
Higg Facility Environmental Module (FEM) 4.0 Technical Paper
Energy and water consumption is reported by Facility Type.
2022. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S03 · Grade B
Textile production water use and textile wastewaters: Literature Review
Textile wet processes consume approximately 60 to 90 % of the total water used in textile processes.
2024-04-16. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S04 · Grade B
Water and chemical consumption in the textile processing industry of Bangladesh
The average groundwater consumption was 164 L/Kg; dyehouse water was 136 L/Kg, while the corresponding wastewater generated was 119 L/Kg.
2023-07-31. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S05 · Grade B
An Assessment of Energy and Groundwater Consumption of Textile Dyeing Mills in Bangladesh and Minimization of Environmental Impacts via Long-Term Key Performance Indicators (KPI) Baseline
The maximum, minimum, and average KPI of extracted groundwater were 198.20 L/kg, 99.15 L/kg, and 138.26 L/kg, respectively.
2022-09-28. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S08 · Grade B
An analysis of industrial water use in Bangladesh with a focus on the textile and leather industries
According to IFC, the average factory water consumption in Bangladesh is estimated to be up to 250 to 300 litres of water per kilogram of fabric produced.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S09 · Grade B
The water footprint of cotton consumption: An assessment of the impact of worldwide consumption of cotton products on the water resources in the cotton producing countries
The consumption of a cotton product is connected to a chain of impacts on the water resources in the countries where cotton is grown and processed.
2006. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S10 · Grade B
The Water Footprint Assessment Manual: Setting the Global Standard
The water footprint of a product is the volume of freshwater used to produce the product, measured over the full supply chain.
2011. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S16 · Grade B
Electrified Process Heating in Textile Wet-Processing Industry: A Techno-Economic Analysis for China, Japan, and Taiwan
Wet-processing preparation (de-sizing, bleaching, etc.), dyeing and printing, and finishing together demand the greatest share of thermal energy (50%).
2022-11-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S23 · Grade B
Ensuring Integrity in the Use of Life Cycle Assessment Data
Ensuring Integrity in the Use of Life Cycle Assessment Data includes a call for industry-wide integrity in the use of LCA data, with key recommendations, such as only using LCA data when there is a full understanding of the key assumptions, methods, and use cases.
2025-08-07. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S24 · Grade B
Higg Facility Environmental Module (FEM) 4.0 Technical Paper
This means a facility that manufactures final finished products and fabric in the same facility will need to track and report their energy and water consumption data separately.
2022. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S29 · Grade B
Energy Efficiency Benchmark in Textile Manufacturing Companies
Specific energy consumption (SEC) is a widely used indicator of energy consumption per unit produced [2].
2021-06-28. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S30 · Grade B
Investigation of the energy consumption and emission for a readymade garment production and assessment of the saving potential
The specific energy consumption found is 12 MJ/piece and the specific emissions of the CO2, CO, CH4, NOx, and SOx are 0.94 kg/piece, 1.69 gm/piece, 3.53 gm/piece, 4.1 gm/piece, and 0.89gm/piece, respectively.
2024-12-03. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S31 · Grade B
Eco-friendly salt/alkali-free exhaustion dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes
The characterization of effluent samples with RY 145 taken after dyeing using TNA compared with conventional dyeing indicated an efficient reduction of COD, BOD, and TDS values by 99, 97, and 97%, respectively.
2022-12-26. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S37 · Grade B
Right-first-time dyeing: a design of experiments approach for the optimisation of dyeing-processes using hard water
The benefits of achieving the right-first-time are very significant including for instance, reduction in water and energy consumption, reduction in effluent generation along with time and colour saving (Parton, 1994).
2019. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c02-S0202 · Grade B
Influence of sinker timing on loop shape, width and areal density of weft-knitted cotton plain jersey fabric
It is generally expressed by the GSM (Grams per square meter) number which represents the mass of a fabric piece in grams that measures over one square meter.
2025-05-15. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S03 · Grade B
Textile production water use and textile wastewaters: Literature Review
Textile wet processes consume approximately 60 to 90 % of the total water used in textile processes.
2024-04-16. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S04 · Grade B
Water and chemical consumption in the textile processing industry of Bangladesh
The average groundwater consumption was 164 L/Kg; dyehouse water was 136 L/Kg, while the corresponding wastewater generated was 119 L/Kg.
2023-07-31. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S05 · Grade B
An Assessment of Energy and Groundwater Consumption of Textile Dyeing Mills in Bangladesh and Minimization of Environmental Impacts via Long-Term Key Performance Indicators (KPI) Baseline
The maximum, minimum, and average KPI of extracted groundwater were 198.20 L/kg, 99.15 L/kg, and 138.26 L/kg, respectively.
2022-09-28. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S06 · Grade B
Textile Wastewater Treatment for Water Reuse: A Case Study
The reuse rate of recycled water in the whole system was 86.8%, higher than that during forward osmosis (FO)-RO system by 31.8% [49].
2019-01-11. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S09 · Grade B
The water footprint of cotton consumption: An assessment of the impact of worldwide consumption of cotton products on the water resources in the cotton producing countries
The consumption of a cotton product is connected to a chain of impacts on the water resources in the countries where cotton is grown and processed.
2006. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S10 · Grade B
The Water Footprint Assessment Manual: Setting the Global Standard
The water footprint of a product is the volume of freshwater used to produce the product, measured over the full supply chain.
2011. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S14 · Grade B
Water Governance Mapping Report: Textile Industry Water Use in Ethiopia
Overall, the sector faces higher water pollution risks than water quantity risks.
2017. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S19 · Grade B
Scope 2 Guidance
The Scope 2 Guidance standardizes how corporations measure emissions from purchased or acquired electricity, steam, heat and cooling (called “scope 2 emissions”).
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S23 · Grade B
Ensuring Integrity in the Use of Life Cycle Assessment Data
Ensuring Integrity in the Use of Life Cycle Assessment Data includes a call for industry-wide integrity in the use of LCA data, with key recommendations, such as only using LCA data when there is a full understanding of the key assumptions, methods, and use cases.
2025-08-07. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S24 · Grade B
Higg Facility Environmental Module (FEM) 4.0 Technical Paper
This means a facility that manufactures final finished products and fabric in the same facility will need to track and report their energy and water consumption data separately.
2022. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S31 · Grade B
Eco-friendly salt/alkali-free exhaustion dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes
The characterization of effluent samples with RY 145 taken after dyeing using TNA compared with conventional dyeing indicated an efficient reduction of COD, BOD, and TDS values by 99, 97, and 97%, respectively.
2022-12-26. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S32 · Grade B
ZDHC MRSL V3.1 and Conformance Guidance V2.1: Formulator
Uploading Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for all ZDHC MRSL Conformant products is mandatory.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S33 · Grade B
ZDHC Wastewater Guidelines, Version 2.2
The purpose of testing ZDHC MRSL parameters is to check for intentional use of ZDHC MRSL substances and/or high levels of respective contamination in the chemical inputs.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S37 · Grade B
Right-first-time dyeing: a design of experiments approach for the optimisation of dyeing-processes using hard water
The benefits of achieving the right-first-time are very significant including for instance, reduction in water and energy consumption, reduction in effluent generation along with time and colour saving (Parton, 1994).
2019. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S0301 · Grade B
Aqueduct 4.0: Updated decision-relevant global water risk indicators
Not every aspect of water risk has usable global data sets enabling it to be incorporated into our framework. Certain important elements are partially missing from the framework, such as water management and governance.
2023-08-16. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c03-S0302 · Grade B
International Water Stewardship Standard, Version 2.0
The basic component of a local water environment is the river basin or catchment in terms of where an organization obtains its water supply and where its discharges and wastewater go.
2019-03-22. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c04-S31 · Grade B
Eco-friendly salt/alkali-free exhaustion dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes
The reflectance (R) of the dyed fabrics was measured on Shimadzu UV2401 spectrophotometer (Japan).
2022-12-26. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c04-S37 · Grade B
Right-first-time dyeing: a design of experiments approach for the optimisation of dyeing-processes using hard water
The obtained predictive models point out the considerable influence of both water hardness and dye concentration on right-first-time dyeing.
2019. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S03 · Grade B
Textile production water use and textile wastewaters: Literature Review
Textile wet processes consume approximately 60 to 90 % of the total water used in textile processes.
2024-04-16. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S04 · Grade B
Water and chemical consumption in the textile processing industry of Bangladesh
The average groundwater consumption was 164 L/Kg; dyehouse water was 136 L/Kg, while the corresponding wastewater generated was 119 L/Kg.
2023-07-31. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S16 · Grade B
Electrified Process Heating in Textile Wet-Processing Industry: A Techno-Economic Analysis for China, Japan, and Taiwan
Wet-processing preparation (de-sizing, bleaching, etc.), dyeing and printing, and finishing together demand the greatest share of thermal energy (50%).
2022-11-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S24 · Grade B
Higg Facility Environmental Module (FEM) 4.0 Technical Paper
This means a facility that manufactures final finished products and fabric in the same facility will need to track and report their energy and water consumption data separately.
2022. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S29 · Grade B
Energy Efficiency Benchmark in Textile Manufacturing Companies
Specific energy consumption (SEC) is a widely used indicator of energy consumption per unit produced [2].
2021-06-28. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S31 · Grade B
Eco-friendly salt/alkali-free exhaustion dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes
The characterization of effluent samples with RY 145 taken after dyeing using TNA compared with conventional dyeing indicated an efficient reduction of COD, BOD, and TDS values by 99, 97, and 97%, respectively.
2022-12-26. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S32 · Grade B
ZDHC MRSL V3.1 and Conformance Guidance V2.1: Formulator
Uploading Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for all ZDHC MRSL Conformant products is mandatory.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S33 · Grade B
ZDHC Wastewater Guidelines, Version 2.2
The purpose of testing ZDHC MRSL parameters is to check for intentional use of ZDHC MRSL substances and/or high levels of respective contamination in the chemical inputs.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S36 · Grade B
Exploring the requirements of reactive dyes in eco-friendly dyeing process: The relationship between dye structure, dyeing properties, and eco-friendly dyeing techniques
For low liquor ratio dyeing, when the liquor ratio was 1:6, the fixation rates of MRY-1, MRY-2, and MRY-3 were 84.9 %, 71.1 %, and 75.0 %, respectively.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S37 · Grade B
Right-first-time dyeing: a design of experiments approach for the optimisation of dyeing-processes using hard water
The benefits of achieving the right-first-time are very significant including for instance, reduction in water and energy consumption, reduction in effluent generation along with time and colour saving (Parton, 1994).
2019. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S0501 · Grade B
Eco-friendly scouring of cotton knit fabrics with enzyme and soapnut: An alternative to conventional NaOH and synthetic surfactant based scouring
The presence of non-cellulosic matters like pectins, waxes, lipids, proteins, etc. in the outermost layer of cotton fiber works as a shield against a rough environment and at the same time hinders the wettability and absorbency of it during subsequent processing due to those hydrophobic substances [1].
2023-04-05. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S0502 · Grade B
Combination of Pre- and Post-Mercerization Processes for Cotton Fabric
Through mercerization, the crystallinity of the cotton fiber decreases and the amorphous characteristics increase, producing more pores and effective hydroxyl groups in the fiber, which is beneficial for dye exhaustion [12] and fixation [13,14], leading to improved dyeability [10].
2022-03-11. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S0503 · Grade B
The Shift to Bio-Based Auxiliaries in Textile Wet Processing: Recent Advances and Industrial Potential
To mitigate this, catalase is increasingly used to decompose residual H2O2 into water and oxygen, reducing the need for intensive rinsing, saving water and energy, and lowering H2O2 levels in resulting effluents [12].
2025-10-08. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c05-S0504 · Grade B
Combinative Scouring, Bleaching, and Cationization Pretreatment of Greige Knitted Cotton Fabrics for Facilely Achieving Salt-Free Reactive Dyeing
In addition, the average diffusion time of water droplet was 2.48 s, which satisfied the requirement of less than 3 s in GBT 21655.1-2008.
2017-12-18. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S24 · Grade B
Higg Facility Environmental Module (FEM) 4.0 Technical Paper
This means a facility that manufactures final finished products and fabric in the same facility will need to track and report their energy and water consumption data separately.
2022. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S32 · Grade B
ZDHC MRSL V3.1 and Conformance Guidance V2.1: Formulator
Uploading Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for all ZDHC MRSL Conformant products is mandatory.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c06-S33 · Grade B
ZDHC Wastewater Guidelines, Version 2.2
The purpose of testing ZDHC MRSL parameters is to check for intentional use of ZDHC MRSL substances and/or high levels of respective contamination in the chemical inputs.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S03 · Grade B
Textile production water use and textile wastewaters: Literature Review
Textile wet processes consume approximately 60 to 90 % of the total water used in textile processes.
2024-04-16. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S04 · Grade B
Water and chemical consumption in the textile processing industry of Bangladesh
The average groundwater consumption was 164 L/Kg; dyehouse water was 136 L/Kg, while the corresponding wastewater generated was 119 L/Kg.
2023-07-31. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S05 · Grade B
An Assessment of Energy and Groundwater Consumption of Textile Dyeing Mills in Bangladesh and Minimization of Environmental Impacts via Long-Term Key Performance Indicators (KPI) Baseline
The maximum, minimum, and average KPI of extracted groundwater were 198.20 L/kg, 99.15 L/kg, and 138.26 L/kg, respectively.
2022-09-28. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S16 · Grade B
Electrified Process Heating in Textile Wet-Processing Industry: A Techno-Economic Analysis for China, Japan, and Taiwan
Wet-processing preparation (de-sizing, bleaching, etc.), dyeing and printing, and finishing together demand the greatest share of thermal energy (50%).
2022-11-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S24 · Grade B
Higg Facility Environmental Module (FEM) 4.0 Technical Paper
This means a facility that manufactures final finished products and fabric in the same facility will need to track and report their energy and water consumption data separately.
2022. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S29 · Grade B
Energy Efficiency Benchmark in Textile Manufacturing Companies
Specific energy consumption (SEC) is a widely used indicator of energy consumption per unit produced [2].
2021-06-28. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S30 · Grade B
Investigation of the energy consumption and emission for a readymade garment production and assessment of the saving potential
The specific energy consumption found is 12 MJ/piece and the specific emissions of the CO2, CO, CH4, NOx, and SOx are 0.94 kg/piece, 1.69 gm/piece, 3.53 gm/piece, 4.1 gm/piece, and 0.89gm/piece, respectively.
2024-12-03. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S31 · Grade B
Eco-friendly salt/alkali-free exhaustion dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes
The characterization of effluent samples with RY 145 taken after dyeing using TNA compared with conventional dyeing indicated an efficient reduction of COD, BOD, and TDS values by 99, 97, and 97%, respectively.
2022-12-26. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S33 · Grade B
ZDHC Wastewater Guidelines, Version 2.2
The purpose of testing ZDHC MRSL parameters is to check for intentional use of ZDHC MRSL substances and/or high levels of respective contamination in the chemical inputs.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S36 · Grade B
Exploring the requirements of reactive dyes in eco-friendly dyeing process: The relationship between dye structure, dyeing properties, and eco-friendly dyeing techniques
For low liquor ratio dyeing, when the liquor ratio was 1:6, the fixation rates of MRY-1, MRY-2, and MRY-3 were 84.9 %, 71.1 %, and 75.0 %, respectively.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S37 · Grade B
Right-first-time dyeing: a design of experiments approach for the optimisation of dyeing-processes using hard water
The benefits of achieving the right-first-time are very significant including for instance, reduction in water and energy consumption, reduction in effluent generation along with time and colour saving (Parton, 1994).
2019. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S0701 · Grade B
Process based assessment of wastewater quality and rinse water reuse potential in denim finishing: a scalable framework for circular water management
Results demonstrate that WQI values decreased significantly after rinsing, with reductions reaching up to approximately 70% depending on the process stage.
2026-05-02. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S0702 · Grade B
Study on a cationic agent-based salt-free reactive dyeing process for cotton knit fabric and comparison with a traditional dyeing process
Large amounts of wastewater are produced during the reactive dyeing of cellulosic fabrics as a result of both the dyeing process and, more significantly, the multiple-stage washing procedures required for wash-off.
2023-09-04. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S0703 · Grade B
Critical Review on Sustainability in Denim: A Step toward Sustainable Production and Consumption of Denim
Conventional stone washing takes seven stages, and the laser only needs six. The stone-washing method required three rinses, while the laser only needs two.
2023-01-13. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c07-S0704 · Grade B
Investigation of Pretreatment of Textile Wastewater for Membrane Processes and Reuse for Washing Dyeing Machines
Dyeing machines must be washed after each dyeing process to prevent the previous dyes from being transferred to the new dyes.
2022-04-21. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c08-S16 · Grade B
Electrified Process Heating in Textile Wet-Processing Industry: A Techno-Economic Analysis for China, Japan, and Taiwan
In this study, we assumed a 25% lower energy intensity for the electric stenter compared with the conventional stenter.
2022-11-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c08-S29 · Grade B
Energy Efficiency Benchmark in Textile Manufacturing Companies
Specific energy consumption (SEC) is a widely used indicator of energy consumption per unit produced [2].
2021-06-28. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S03 · Grade B
Textile production water use and textile wastewaters: Literature Review
Textile wet processes consume approximately 60 to 90 % of the total water used in textile processes.
2024-04-16. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S06 · Grade B
Textile Wastewater Treatment for Water Reuse: A Case Study
The reuse rate of recycled water in the whole system was 86.8%, higher than that during forward osmosis (FO)-RO system by 31.8% [49].
2019-01-11. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S19 · Grade B
Scope 2 Guidance
The Scope 2 Guidance standardizes how corporations measure emissions from purchased or acquired electricity, steam, heat and cooling (called “scope 2 emissions”).
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S23 · Grade B
Ensuring Integrity in the Use of Life Cycle Assessment Data
Ensuring Integrity in the Use of Life Cycle Assessment Data includes a call for industry-wide integrity in the use of LCA data, with key recommendations, such as only using LCA data when there is a full understanding of the key assumptions, methods, and use cases.
2025-08-07. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S24 · Grade B
Higg Facility Environmental Module (FEM) 4.0 Technical Paper
This means a facility that manufactures final finished products and fabric in the same facility will need to track and report their energy and water consumption data separately.
2022. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S29 · Grade B
Energy Efficiency Benchmark in Textile Manufacturing Companies
Specific energy consumption (SEC) is a widely used indicator of energy consumption per unit produced [2].
2021-06-28. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S30 · Grade B
Investigation of the energy consumption and emission for a readymade garment production and assessment of the saving potential
The specific energy consumption found is 12 MJ/piece and the specific emissions of the CO2, CO, CH4, NOx, and SOx are 0.94 kg/piece, 1.69 gm/piece, 3.53 gm/piece, 4.1 gm/piece, and 0.89gm/piece, respectively.
2024-12-03. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S32 · Grade B
ZDHC MRSL V3.1 and Conformance Guidance V2.1: Formulator
Uploading Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for all ZDHC MRSL Conformant products is mandatory.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S33 · Grade B
ZDHC Wastewater Guidelines, Version 2.2
The purpose of testing ZDHC MRSL parameters is to check for intentional use of ZDHC MRSL substances and/or high levels of respective contamination in the chemical inputs.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S37 · Grade B
Right-first-time dyeing: a design of experiments approach for the optimisation of dyeing-processes using hard water
The benefits of achieving the right-first-time are very significant including for instance, reduction in water and energy consumption, reduction in effluent generation along with time and colour saving (Parton, 1994).
2019. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S0901 · Grade B
Overall performance of steam system used in garment industries in Bangladesh: a case study-based approach
The average efficiency of the steam generation units used in the fifteen studied factories was found 76%.
2021-01-23. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c09-S0902 · Grade B
Evidence-based energy conservation potentials and policy implications in the textile and garment industries of Ethiopia
Energy is one of the primary inputs in textile and garment processing industries and its cost share is reported between 5 and 10% of the total production cost in developed countries but is far higher in developing countries.
2022-08-01. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S03 · Grade B
Textile production water use and textile wastewaters: Literature Review
Textile wet processes consume approximately 60 to 90 % of the total water used in textile processes.
2024-04-16. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S04 · Grade B
Water and chemical consumption in the textile processing industry of Bangladesh
The average groundwater consumption was 164 L/Kg; dyehouse water was 136 L/Kg, while the corresponding wastewater generated was 119 L/Kg.
2023-07-31. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S06 · Grade B
Textile Wastewater Treatment for Water Reuse: A Case Study
The reuse rate of recycled water in the whole system was 86.8%, higher than that during forward osmosis (FO)-RO system by 31.8% [49].
2019-01-11. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S10 · Grade B
The Water Footprint Assessment Manual: Setting the Global Standard
The water footprint of a product is the volume of freshwater used to produce the product, measured over the full supply chain.
2011. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S16 · Grade B
Electrified Process Heating in Textile Wet-Processing Industry: A Techno-Economic Analysis for China, Japan, and Taiwan
Wet-processing preparation (de-sizing, bleaching, etc.), dyeing and printing, and finishing together demand the greatest share of thermal energy (50%).
2022-11-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S24 · Grade B
Higg Facility Environmental Module (FEM) 4.0 Technical Paper
This means a facility that manufactures final finished products and fabric in the same facility will need to track and report their energy and water consumption data separately.
2022. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S31 · Grade B
Eco-friendly salt/alkali-free exhaustion dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes
The characterization of effluent samples with RY 145 taken after dyeing using TNA compared with conventional dyeing indicated an efficient reduction of COD, BOD, and TDS values by 99, 97, and 97%, respectively.
2022-12-26. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S32 · Grade B
ZDHC MRSL V3.1 and Conformance Guidance V2.1: Formulator
Uploading Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for all ZDHC MRSL Conformant products is mandatory.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S33 · Grade B
ZDHC Wastewater Guidelines, Version 2.2
The purpose of testing ZDHC MRSL parameters is to check for intentional use of ZDHC MRSL substances and/or high levels of respective contamination in the chemical inputs.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S36 · Grade B
Exploring the requirements of reactive dyes in eco-friendly dyeing process: The relationship between dye structure, dyeing properties, and eco-friendly dyeing techniques
For low liquor ratio dyeing, when the liquor ratio was 1:6, the fixation rates of MRY-1, MRY-2, and MRY-3 were 84.9 %, 71.1 %, and 75.0 %, respectively.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S37 · Grade B
Right-first-time dyeing: a design of experiments approach for the optimisation of dyeing-processes using hard water
The benefits of achieving the right-first-time are very significant including for instance, reduction in water and energy consumption, reduction in effluent generation along with time and colour saving (Parton, 1994).
2019. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S1001 · Grade B
Textile Wastewater Treatment for Water Reuse: A Case Study
The total operating cost of treating textile wastewater is displayed in Table 6, reaching 0.44 USD·m−3 reuse water, wherein the cost of the ozone production was 0.18 USD·m−3 (40%), that of sand filtration, UF and RO system was 0.19 USD·m−3 (43%), and that of machine maintenance, employee cost, agentia, and PAC was 0.08 USD·m−3 (17%).
2019-01-11. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S1002 · Grade B
Reverse Osmosis Membrane Cleaning Optimization from Textile Dyeing Wastewater Reuse Applications
A significant decline (more than 15%) in RO membrane permeability occurred after RO membrane permeate production of 625 L/m2 at a water recovery ratio of 60%.
2026-01-04. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c10-S1003 · Grade B
Advances in Physicochemical and Biological Treatment of Textile Wastewater: An Applied Review of Methods, Technologies, and Costs
Although wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) reduce pollution, they face high costs, sludge generation, and limited removal of persistent contaminants.
2026-07-18. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c11-S1101 · Grade B
Electrified Process Heating in Textile Wet-Processing Industry: A Techno-Economic Analysis for China, Japan, and Taiwan
Heat pumps are very efficient because they only transfer heat, instead of burning fuels to generate it.
2022-11-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S06 · Grade B
Textile Wastewater Treatment for Water Reuse: A Case Study
The reuse rate of recycled water in the whole system was 86.8%, higher than that during forward osmosis (FO)-RO system by 31.8% [49].
2019-01-11. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S08 · Grade B
An analysis of industrial water use in Bangladesh with a focus on the textile and leather industries
According to IFC, the average factory water consumption in Bangladesh is estimated to be up to 250 to 300 litres of water per kilogram of fabric produced.
2015. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S14 · Grade B
Water Governance Mapping Report: Textile Industry Water Use in Ethiopia
Overall, the sector faces higher water pollution risks than water quantity risks.
2017. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S16 · Grade B
Electrified Process Heating in Textile Wet-Processing Industry: A Techno-Economic Analysis for China, Japan, and Taiwan
Wet-processing preparation (de-sizing, bleaching, etc.), dyeing and printing, and finishing together demand the greatest share of thermal energy (50%).
2022-11-25. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S24 · Grade B
Higg Facility Environmental Module (FEM) 4.0 Technical Paper
This means a facility that manufactures final finished products and fabric in the same facility will need to track and report their energy and water consumption data separately.
2022. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S29 · Grade B
Energy Efficiency Benchmark in Textile Manufacturing Companies
Specific energy consumption (SEC) is a widely used indicator of energy consumption per unit produced [2].
2021-06-28. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S31 · Grade B
Eco-friendly salt/alkali-free exhaustion dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes
The characterization of effluent samples with RY 145 taken after dyeing using TNA compared with conventional dyeing indicated an efficient reduction of COD, BOD, and TDS values by 99, 97, and 97%, respectively.
2022-12-26. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S32 · Grade B
ZDHC MRSL V3.1 and Conformance Guidance V2.1: Formulator
Uploading Safety Data Sheets (SDS) for all ZDHC MRSL Conformant products is mandatory.
2023. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S33 · Grade B
ZDHC Wastewater Guidelines, Version 2.2
The purpose of testing ZDHC MRSL parameters is to check for intentional use of ZDHC MRSL substances and/or high levels of respective contamination in the chemical inputs.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S36 · Grade B
Exploring the requirements of reactive dyes in eco-friendly dyeing process: The relationship between dye structure, dyeing properties, and eco-friendly dyeing techniques
For low liquor ratio dyeing, when the liquor ratio was 1:6, the fixation rates of MRY-1, MRY-2, and MRY-3 were 84.9 %, 71.1 %, and 75.0 %, respectively.
2024. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c12-S37 · Grade B
Right-first-time dyeing: a design of experiments approach for the optimisation of dyeing-processes using hard water
The benefits of achieving the right-first-time are very significant including for instance, reduction in water and energy consumption, reduction in effluent generation along with time and colour saving (Parton, 1994).
2019. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c13-S23 · Grade B
Ensuring Integrity in the Use of Life Cycle Assessment Data
Only use LCA data when there is a clear understanding of the underlying assumptions, methodologies, and intended use.
2025-08-07. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c13-S37 · Grade B
Right-first-time dyeing: a design of experiments approach for the optimisation of dyeing-processes using hard water
The obtained predictive models point out the considerable influence of both water hardness and dye concentration on right-first-time dyeing.
2019. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c14-S23 · Grade B
Ensuring Integrity in the Use of Life Cycle Assessment Data
Avoid comparing LCA data between different fiber or material categories (e.g., natural vs. synthetic).
2025-08-07. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗c14-S37 · Grade B
Right-first-time dyeing: a design of experiments approach for the optimisation of dyeing-processes using hard water
The obtained predictive models point out the considerable influence of both water hardness and dye concentration on right-first-time dyeing.
2019. Register access date: 2026-10-30. Source provenance is supplied by the paper evidence register.
Open the recorded source ↗R01 · Grade C · inherited record
Inherited evidence R01
Cameroon seed-cotton production 2022-2024: 330,000 t (2022), 314,455 t (2023), about 340,000 t (2024).
Publication date unrecorded. Inherited source-text record. The original publication has not been independently reopened for this web edition.
R02 · Grade C · inherited record
Inherited evidence R02
2025 seed-cotton projection above 350,000 t.
Publication date unrecorded. Inherited source-text record. The original publication has not been independently reopened for this web edition.
R03 · Grade C · inherited record
Inherited evidence R03
Company profile: more than 220,000 cotton producers supported in northern Cameroon; nine ginning plants; two oil mills.
Publication date unrecorded. Inherited source-text record. The original publication has not been independently reopened for this web edition.
R06 · Grade C · inherited record
Inherited evidence R06
About 95 percent of cotton fibre exported raw against 5 percent processed locally; industrialisation target of 50 percent local processing.
Publication date unrecorded. Inherited source-text record. The original publication has not been independently reopened for this web edition.
R07 · Grade C · inherited record
Inherited evidence R07
SND30 restates the 50 percent local-processing target by 2030.
Publication date unrecorded. Inherited source-text record. The original publication has not been independently reopened for this web edition.
R08 · Grade C · inherited record
Inherited evidence R08
Announced SODECOTON and CICAM merger to create a cotton-textile industrial pole targeted by 2030.
Publication date unrecorded. Inherited source-text record. The original publication has not been independently reopened for this web edition.
R09 · Grade C · inherited record
Inherited evidence R09
Camtext SA integrated cotton-to-textile project, US$300 million (180 billion XAF); Panafritex and Arise with SODECOTON, CNPS and Marlo; 12 November 2025.
Publication date unrecorded. Inherited source-text record. The original publication has not been independently reopened for this web edition.
R10 · Grade C · inherited record
Inherited evidence R10
Camtext SA: 12,000 t a year processed; about 12,000 jobs at the Dibamba hub and 3,000 at Garoua; return on investment near 11 years; optimal capacity around 2033.
Publication date unrecorded. Inherited source-text record. The original publication has not been independently reopened for this web edition.
R12 · Grade C · inherited record
Inherited evidence R12
CICAM capacity utilisation, July 2023 report: Garoua 33.7 percent, CICAM 1 48.9 percent, CICAM 2 10.83 percent; underutilisation cost about CFAF 2 billion in 2020.
Publication date unrecorded. Inherited source-text record. The original publication has not been independently reopened for this web edition.
R26 · Grade C · inherited record
Inherited evidence R26
Cameroon clothing and footwear spend about US$94.70 a person in 2024 and about 8.0 pieces a person; apparel eCommerce revenue US$20.32 million (2023) to US$33.61 million (2027) at 13.41 percent a year; user penetration 18.0 percent (2023) to 22.7 percent (2027).
Publication date unrecorded. Inherited source-text record. The original publication has not been independently reopened for this web edition.
R29 · Grade C · inherited record
Inherited evidence R29
Manual defect inspection 60 to 70 percent accurate, missing 20 to 30 percent of defects; computer vision above 90 percent across more than 40 defect types; line-scan inspection up to 60 metres a minute.
Publication date unrecorded. Inherited source-text record. The original publication has not been independently reopened for this web edition.
R32 · Grade C · inherited record
Inherited evidence R32
CFA franc to US dollar reference rates; franc pegged to the euro at 655.957. The GFT study's method note places the franc near 590 to 610 per US dollar across the 2023 study window and near 563 to 577 more recently, and treats currency conversions as estimates.
Publication date unrecorded. Inherited source-text record. The original publication has not been independently reopened for this web edition.
Keep the definitions stable
50 terms, each with one definition for the whole paper. The punched row shows the chapters whose text uses the term.
Recurs inreading guide, not a citation
Cut to length
Chapters 01 to 02 fit in 60 minutes, with 10 minutes to spare.
Start chapter 01 · 2 chapters in 60 minWP06 · Draft web edition
Water, Dye and Energy per Unit
Cut length 2 chapters · 50 min
The PDF has passed its publication gates: 256 rendered A4 pages, 2.0 MB.
Download the verified PDFOn the same rack
WP01The Local-Processing GapWP02Measure Before You ModelWP03Seeing Every DefectRelated tools: Garment unit-economics and breakeven simulator, OEE and sewing-line simulator, Line-balancing studio
Issued by Green Future Tech Limited, Hong Kong SAR. This research is not investment, legal or tax advice. Illustrative calculations require local validation before an operating or financing decision.